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Air Conditioning - Central Water Chilled Systems
Air conditioning is for people, to achieve human thermal comfort by controlling temperature, humidity, air movement and air cleanliness, and heat radiation normally with mechanical means.
The means by which the controllable cooling is accomplished in the conditioned space can be categorized for Air conditioning systems. To accomplish specific purposes by special equipment arrangement is what they are further segregated for. Specializing in the supply, design and installation of air conditioning systems - there are a host of companies in the UK.
While selecting a suitable air conditioning system for a particular application, a few things need to be considered. System constraints including cooling load, zoning requirements, heating and ventilation are the first. Architectural Constraints like size and appearance of terminal devices, acceptable noise level, space available to mount the equipment and its location relative to the conditioned space, and acceptability of components obtruding into the conditioned space are next. Last are the Financial Constraints, which cover capital cost, operating costs, and maintenance cost.
Four basic system categories which exist for Air Conditioning Systems are: All Air Systems, Air and Water Systems, All Water Systems including cooling towers which can also be applied to the first two systems mentioned, and Direct Expansion Systems.
Let's take a look at one of these systems, central chilled water air conditioning systems which are all-air systems. Complete sensible and latent cooling capacity in the cold air supplied by the system are what they provide. The same air stream can accomplish heating, either in the central system or at a particular zone. All-air systems can also be classified into 2 categories: Single duct systems and Dual duct systems.
System Advantages:
* Facilitating operating and maintenance, noise control and choice of suitable equipment - the central plant is located in unoccupied areas.
* No piping, electrical wiring and filters are located inside the conditioned space.
* Use of greatest numbers of potential cooling situations with outside air in place of mechanical refrigeration is allowed.
* Seasonal changeover is simple and readily adaptable to climatic control.
* A wide choice of zone ability, flexibility, and humidity control under all operating conditions is given.
* Incorporation of Heat recovery system can be readily done.
* For optimum air distribution, draft control and local requirements - good design flexibility is allowed.
* Applications requiring unusual exhaust makeup is what it is well suited for.
* Least infringement on perimeter floor space
* Adaption to winter humidification
System disadvantages:
* Additional duct clearance requirement can reduce the unusual floor space.
* Air-balancing is difficult and requires great care.
* Close cooperation between architectural, mechanical and structural engineers is what accessibility to terminals demands.
Distribution Components
Distribution systems have a number of important components.
The Air Handling Unit is a cabinet that includes or houses the central furnace, air conditioner, or heat pump and the plenum and blower assembly that forces air through the ductwork.
The Supply Ductwork carries air from the air handler to the rooms in a house. At least one supply duct with larger rooms having several is what typically exists for each room.
The air from the conditioned space back to the air handler is carried by the Return Ductwork. Located in the central area, only one or two main return ducts are what most houses have.
Supply and Return Plenums are boxes made of duct board, metal, drywall or wood that distribute air to individual ducts or registers.
The Ductwork is a branching network of round or rectangular tubes generally constructed of sheet metal, fiberglass board, or a flexible plastic and wire composite material located within the walls, floors, and ceilings. The three most common types of duct material used in home construction are metal, fiberglass duct board, and flex-duct.
Installed between the register and plenum box, or plenum box and air handler, usually in a single, continuous piece is the Flex-duct. The inner lining and outer insulated covering can tear or be pinched closed, although the flex-duct has fewer seams. While proper design and installation is very important, the longer flex-duct runs can restrict the flow of air.
Both metal and fiberglass duct board are rigid and installed in pieces. Like flex-duct, the Fiberglass duct board, is made of an insulation material. Ducts are built of sections of the duct board. Carefully sealed with mastic or high quality duct tape, is what seams in the duct board should be.
Rectangular Metal Duct, especially the kind used for plenums and larger trunk runs, is often insulated on the inside with fiberglass duct liner. If it is not insulated on the inside, metal ducts should be insulated on the outside using a fiberglass battery with an attached metal foil vapor retarder. At least two inches thick, is what the insulation should be with the vapor barrier installed on the outside of the insulation facing away from the duct.
Stapled together around the duct and then taped - is what usually happens to seams in the insulation. Sealing of all of the seams should be done before insulation is installed. Sealing and insulation, for example, should happen for all return and supply ducts located outside the conditioned space, in attics, crawlspaces, or basements.
Ductwork Joints, which join pieces of ductwork, are the other important components. Joining the pieces of ductwork, the Ductwork Joints are included as other important components. Elbows, which are manufactured pieces of duct used for turns also exist. Boots that connect ductwork to registers also exist. Lastly, covering the duct openings into the conditioned space are the Registers and Grilles.
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Frequently Asked Questions...
Did man made global warming stop the day Obama conveyed that great piece of wisdom"put more air in your tires"?
I knew right then he was destined for greatness.
Answer:
I looked at my car manual and it did indeed say proper inflation of your tires saves wear and tear and fuel. GM, Honda, Toyota, Ford and NIssan all say the same thing as do the tire manufacturers.
Commonsense says they should know. They build the crap.
It didn't say anything about global warming but less fuel burned means less pollution. Again commonsense. If all 300 million Americans contributed 1 pound less per year of carbon would that not be 300 million pounds less pollutants in the atmosphere?
BTW my owner's manual was written 3 years before Obama became president.
Again on a commonsense note, there are 8 billion people on the planet. Roughly 25% to 50% with cars making a carbon contribution. The Rain Forest is rapidly disappearing due to human destructiveness, Factories are continuing to spew pollutants into the atmosphere.
Any scientist, engineer or smart person would know less trees and more pollutants would cause a problem. Which we're experiencing now.
Even George Bush acknowledged Global Warming was real when he left office. It wasn't his problem anymore. He was more concerned with the costs. So how much are new planets nowadays?
And is one available?
Ultimately it's a lot cheaper to ignore Global Warming or convince others it doesn't exists.
Here's a similar situation:
The greatest trick the Devil did was convince people he didn't exist.
Global Warming is along the same lines. All the signs are there. It's just cheaper to ridicule and ignore them.
























































































